Process of making cyanids.



Patented lune 3, i902.

G. DTTERMANLN. PROCESS 0F MAKING CYANIDS.

(Application led Feb. 15, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

W/TNESSES G. Ottermann by @Twill/EVS f2. MM

No. 701,604. Patented .lune 3, |902.

, G. OTIERMANN.

PROCESSDF MAKING GYANIDS.

(Application led Feb 15, 1901.)

2 shwrs sheet 2.

(No Model.)

Y f I n In I. 4 l.. W l l a ||II l a l /lf w G. Otter-mann FY27mm/EVS lw/vEssEs I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

GEORGE OTTERMANN, `0F VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

PROCESS OF MAKiNG CTYANIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 701,604, dated June 3,1902.

Application filed February l5, 1901. Serial No. 47,425. (No specimens.)

certain new and useful Improvement in Man'-v ufacture of CyanogenCompounds from Household Waste Products and Similar Organic Substances;and I do hereby declare the fol-V lowing to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to the manufacture of cyanogen compoundsfrom Waste household products and similar substances,

1 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, and

occasionally of inorganic carbonates.

My process consists in subjecting the said substances to destructivedistillation, leading the gases thus producedirst over heated neutralmaterial, such as incandescent paperashes, then over heated carbonaceousmate-l rial, and finally over a heated mixture capable of absorbingnitrogen, and thus forming- By leading the gasl of the gas takes placewhich transforms the' gases which are detrimental to the production ofcyanids into gases which donot have'any injurious eect on the formationof cyanids. As materials suitable for absorbing nitrogen I have foundpracticable a mixture of carbonates of the alkalies with coal, a mixtureof coal and iron, dac. An expert will choose the substances suitable forabsorbingr the nitrogen present in the gas from the destructivedistillation according to the cyanogen compounds which he Wishes tomanufacture.

AI have already described a process for producing gas from Wastehousehold products by leading the gas fromY the destructive distillationover heated neutral material and heated carbonaceous material in myapplication, Serial No. 740,291, filed December 14, 1899.

Of the accompanyingdrawings,which illustrate one form ofapparatussuitable for carrying on my process, Figure l is aperspecidistilla'tion of the refuse is effected.

tive View showing the retort in section, and Fig. 2 is avertical'longtudinal section of a furnace for heating 'the retorts.

In Fig. 1, c is a lire-clay retort, in which the b is the secondlire-clay retort, into which the gases produced in rr are led by theconnecting-pipe The retort b contains'in the space c paper-ashes orother chemically-'neutral material, while the space o contains coke.

In the space f of the retort b is arranged an iron receptacle, Which isdivided into compartinents and is inteudedto receive the substances tobe combined with the nitrogen, and thus to formthe cyanogen compounds.Both retorts are placed in a generator-furnace. consisting of organiccompounds containing The 'gas'generated in the retort a passes throughthe connecting-pipe d into the transerably, a stirring apparatus Z,projecting into the retort a.

The chargingof the retort c isl eifected through the opposite end of theretort, which is provided with a hinged door for this purpose. Thecharging ofA-the paper and coke .,into the retort b is effected atsuitable intervals from either end. When recharging with coke, which iseffected after about twentyfour hours, the vessel f, serving for theproduction of the cyanogen, is removed and emptied, the contents beingfurther treated in the known manner, and a new vessel f, charged withfresh material, is introduced into the retort b. V In order to avoid asmuch as possible any access of air, which would be injurious to thecyanogen compounds, a slide mjinthe connecting-pipe d is closed at thosetimes when the retort c is being opened and closed.

The above-described apparatus can also be modified by combiningtwo ormore distillingretorts with one converter-retort.' Also one or moredistilling-retorts can be combined with several converter-retorts, ofwhich one only contains paper-ashes, the next only carbon, and the thirdonly the materials for producing cyanogen compounds, the gas producedbeing caused to pass consecutively through each of these retorts.Inclined retorts communicating with each other can also be used. Thecyanogen-produeing apparatus might also be arranged between the coke andthe paper-ashes, but with a much inferior eiect. The furnace has anopening n for the introduction of the fuel. The latter is Conducted bythe sliding shaft m to the grate s, where it is burned. The gases fromthe combustion pass over the fire-bridge o to the combustion-chamber p,where they are completely burned by the airintroduced at n. The gasesare led by channels q to the retort and pass along the retort parallelto the longitudinal direction to the flue i' and from this to theChimney. The primary air is introduced at i), passes the channels w,whereby it is heated, and is conducted over the water-tank a: and comesat z below the grate-bars to the fuel. The secondary air enters at .sand passes through the channels tto the chamber u, from which it entersthe combustion-chamber p.

In carrying out my process I charge theretort a with the waste productsand raise it to a temperature of from 700 to 800 centigrade. Theresulting gases and vapors then pass through the pipe d and come intocontact with the incandescent paper-ashes c in the retort b. 'Thisbrings the gases to the temperature of dissociation. The gases now passover the heated coke c, where they are converted into heating andilluminating gases con` taining more or less nitrogen or nitrogencompounds. The nitrogen contained in the gas is absorbed by thematerials in the vessels f.

Having now fully described my invention, what Ielaim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. The process of producing cyanogen compounds from waste householdsubstances and similar organic substances containing uitrogen, whichconsists in first subjecting said substances to destructivedistillation, then bringing the resulting gases into contact with heatedneutral material, then bringing said gases into contact with heatedcarbonaceous material, and finally bringing said gasesinto contact withheated nitrogen-absorbing material.

2. The process of producing cyanogen compounds from waste householdsubstances and similar organic substances containing nitrogen, whichconsists in iirst subjecting said substances to destructivedistillation, then bringing the resulting gases into contact with heatedneutral material, then bringing said gases into contact with heatedcarbonaceous material, and finally bringing said gases into contact witha heated mixture of coal and carbonates of the alkalies.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

GEORGE OTTERMANN.

Witnesses:

C. B. HUNT, ALvEsTo P. HOGUE.

